Frei Otto Munich Stadium

MUNICH majestic scene of action//FREI OTTO//1972 gizem akgun/ nuria juanbaro sarret/kanaka raghavan _ADDA 2012-2013 GERMAN PAVILION// MONTREAL//1967// cable television nets TUWAIQ PALACE//SAUDI ARABIA//1970// cable nets prodigious trough//MUNICH//1972// cable nets ORKS MULTIHALLE MANNHIEM //GERMANY//1975// grid smashs JAPAN PAVILION EXPO 2000//HANOVER GERMANY//2000//grid shell German architect and research maneuver 1957 // Development Center for Lightweight Construc on in Berlin. 1964// Ins tute for Lightweight Structures in Stu gart.Exhibited a special gi for crea ng lightweight tent complex body parts Computer-based procedure for determining their shape and behaviour Alterna ve system of grid shell structures HE ARCHITECT /FREI OTTO HE LIGHTWEIGHT PRINCIPLE/tensile Tensile jackets/ every part of the structure is loaded in tension with no requirement to resist compression Cable nets/ grid of morphologic cables in tension forming the framework supports a weather shield. An c las c Surfaces/ tension forces are in equilibrium, the centres of curve ball are in opposite side of the membrane Synclas c Surfaces/ the centres of bend are on the similar side of the membrane n clas c curve hyper paraboloid hyper paraboloid/ minimum 4 pts with alteast 1 pt step forward of plane Less material and e? ort Remarkably large spans Combined tensile structure and biological research Only a few members,are low compression while all others, for instance, cables and membranes, are low tension For tension and rigidity, an clas c or saddle-like curvatures HE LIGHTWEIGHT PRINCIPLE UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM / expand SITE// Originally the se ng of a 1930s air? eld,former training ground for the Bavarian Royal Army and the site of Munichs ? rst civil airport. Ground had been used as a embellish yard for ruined buildings rubble. 00m tall broadcast tower, s ll present today, a major landmark of the site. course of study// 80,000 seats Smaller enclosed sports hall Swimming hall W arm-up arena Enclosed use facility Housing for 3000 people UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /1972 Gunter Behnisch proposed light and open structures con nuous ? uid tent roo? ng resembling natural hills Frei O os Montreal Pavilion was the guiding piece The original system came from mannequin studies where ladies stockings were used to simulate the tents surfaces al proposal CRITICAL STUDIES// Mast heights gave ghter curvature conterminous the masts and leave the unsa sfactory ? t perimeter areas unimproved Increasing the pre-stress to ? at areas would provide the necessary stability, yet scarcely at impossibly high levels of tensioning UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM/ini Winner of the compe on for 1972 olympic park by GUNTER BEHNISCH ERMAN PAVILLION,MONTREAL/1967 Real masterpiece of lightweight architecture,Frei O l/Behnisch Ini al mode o UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /comparisons UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /inspira Dragon? y wings are one three-thousandth of a millimeter thickheaded Up to 1,000 sec ons Compart mental structure, wings do non tear, withstand the pressure that forms during ? ght. Driving regulation for design of roof on 7 saddle-shape cable nets Square meshes that form rhomboids to assume an clas c curvature UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /revised roof Subdivide roof into a patchwork of separate but coupled smaller canopies Support at many points and mostly curved to suitably ght radii. Nets do not extend to the tops of medium height masts, instead hung from very tall masts Masts placed outside the roof or suspended above ground on cables keeping the areas below column-free Roo? ng for the main(prenominal) sports facili esUNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /experiments 1125 scale models exactly proportional both in geometry and in cracking to the envisaged full sized structures UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /structure Interior cables Peripheral cables Cable joints Steel masts concrete underground founda on Acrylic panel cover UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /cables Interior cables//11. 7 mm mesh, 19 heavily ga lvanised 2. 3- and 3. 3mm steel equips A lay length of 10 x the lay diameter Main cables//? ve strands of 37 and 109 wires each Edge cables//vary in speci? a on, typical example ,lockedsurface wire rope of 81 millimetres diameter Twin cables with concentric joints assume square meshes forming rhomboids forming an clas c curves UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /joints Cables arranged in pairs 7575 cm mesh,reduced number of joints Clamps+screw,one bolt per joint,easy construc on 75 cm mesh Saddle connec ons Swaged clamp connec on Erec on/The cable nets completely assembled on ground, li ed to ? nal posi ons. Prestressing/suspension cables were put in posi on, geometry and stresses cables and masts checked Connec on to anchor UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /mastsTension founda ons / anchor the main cables down to earth Inclined slot founda ons (tent pegs ),gravity anchor founda ons (anchoring from self weight),earth anchor founda ons (support the masts) Temporary steel balls provided under the rubber pad s to allow rota on during assembly Cylindrical masts welded steel tubes up to 80 metres long and with a 50mN (5000 ton) load capacity. Transparent roof covering/ 2. 9 x 2. 9-metre acrylic panels , 4mm thk Bolted to the intersec on nodes and angles of intersec on variety show every 6 degrees Temperature moulding, panels on neoprene pedestals, allowing them to ? at, and sealing the joints with con nuous neoprene pro? le clamped to the panel edges Discon nuous joints allowing transaction UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /cover UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /conclusions Form ? nding experiments/solu ons for large spans simultaneously gave birth to the skill of compu ng . Final form depends on shape of grid,spacing,pa ern -the geometry of the suppor ng structure the pretension apply to the cable net and its suppor ng structure Advantages/E? cient way of using material Lightweight broad spans Quick construc on